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The International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), known colloquially as the Hare Krishna movement or Hare Krishnas, is a Gaudiya Vaishnava religious organisation. ISKCON was founded in 1966 in New York City by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada who is worshipped by followers. Its core beliefs are based on select traditional Hindu scriptures, particularly the ''Bhagavad-gītā'' and the ''Śrīmad Bhāgavatam''. ISKCON says it is a direct descendant of Brahma-Madhva-Gaudiya Vaishnava Sampradaya. The appearance of the movement and its culture come from the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition, which has had adherents in India since the late 15th century and American and European converts since the early 1900s in North America,〔(Bharati, Baba Premanand ). Hinduism.enacademic.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-26.〕 and in England in the 1930s.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Svami Sadananda Dasa: Disciple of Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati and Guru of Vamandas (Walther Eidlitz) )〕 ISKCON was formed to spread the practice of bhakti yoga, in which those involved (''bhaktas'') dedicate their thoughts and actions towards pleasing the Supreme Lord, Krishna.〔(srimadbhagavatam.com ), Bhag.Purana 1.3.28, "All of the above-mentioned incarnations are either plenary portions or portions of the plenary portions of the Lord, but Lord Sri Krishna is the original Personality of Godhead."〕 ISKCON today is a worldwide confederation of more than 550 centres, including 60 farm communities, some aiming for self-sufficiency, 50 schools, and 90 restaurants.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Directory of ISKCON )〕 In recent decades the most rapid expansions in membership have been within Eastern Europe (especially since the collapse of the Soviet Union) and India. ==History and belief== :''For further information see: Achintya Bheda Abheda and Gaudiya Vaishnavism'' ISKCON devotees follow a disciplic line of Gaudiya Bhagavata Vaishnavas and are the largest branch of Gaudiya Vaishnavism. ''Vaishnavism'' means 'worship of Vishnu', and ''Gauḍa'' refers to the area where this particular branch of Vaishnavism originated, in the Gauda region of West Bengal. Gaudiya Vaishnavism has had a following in India, especially West Bengal and Odisha, for the past five hundred years. Bhaktivedanta Swami disseminated Gaudiya Vaishnava Theology in the Western world through extensive writings and translations,〔A Hinduism, Page 8, Lynne Gibson, 2002〕 including the ''Bhagavad Gita'', ''Srimad Bhagavatam'' (''Bhagavata Purana''), ''Chaitanya Charitamrita'', and other scriptures. These works are now available in more than seventy languages and serve as the canon of ISKCON. Many are available online.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bhaktivedanta Vedabase Online )〕 Krishna is described as the source of all the avatars of God. Thus ISKCON devotees worship Krishna as the highest form of God, ''svayam bhagavan'', and often refer to Him as "the Supreme Personality of Godhead" in writing, which was a phrase coined by Prabhupada in his books on the subject. To devotees, Radha represents Krishna's divine female counterpart, the original spiritual potency, and the embodiment of divine love. The individual soul is an eternal personal identity which does not ultimately merge into any formless light or void as suggested by the monistic (Advaita) schools of Hinduism. Prabhupada most frequently offers ''Sanatana-dharma'' and ''Varnashrama dharma'' as more accurate names for the religious system which accepts Vedic authority.〔 〕 It is a monotheistic tradition which has its roots in the theistic Vedanta traditions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「International Society for Krishna Consciousness」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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